PSD2
Payment Services Directive 2 (Directive 2015/2366)EU directive governing payment services and PSPs; introduced Strong Customer Authentication (SCA), open banking APIs, and consumer protections. Being superseded by PSD3/PSR.
86 licensed digital banks across six regions, scored on regulation, fees, UX and deposit protection. No sponsored placements. No affiliate weighting.
The full table sits below. These three earned the strongest combined scores across regulation, pricing, UX and protection — judged identically whether they pay us or not.
Six dimensions — regulation (30%), fees (20%), UX (20%), protection (15%), reach (10%), customer support (5%). See methodology →
| Bank | Region | Licence | Price | Score | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01 | R Revolut Best overall · travel | EU Europe | Full bank Bank of Lithuania | Free | → | |
| 02 | b bunq Best EU-wide | EU Europe | Full bank DNB | Free | → | |
| 03 | N N26 Best full-EU bank | EU Europe | Full bank BaFin | Free | → | |
| 04 | V Varo Money Best US underbank | US United States | Full bank OCC | Free | → | |
| 05 | T Trade Republic Best for savers | EU Europe | Full bank BaFin | Free | → | |
| 06 | L Lunar Nordic pick | EU Europe | Full bank Finanstilsynet | Free | → | |
| 07 | S SoFi Best US savings | US United States | Full bank OCC | Free | → | |
| 08 | M Monzo Ireland · new entrant | EU Europe | Full bank Central Bank of Ireland | Free | → | |
| 09 | K K Bank — | AP Asia-Pacific | Full bank KDIC | Free | → | |
| 10 | K Kakao Bank Best APAC overall | AP Asia-Pacific | Full bank KDIC | Free | → | |
| 11 | T Toss Bank KDIC member | AP Asia-Pacific | Full bank KDIC | Free | → | |
| 12 | S Starling Bank UK reference | EU Europe | Full bank FCA | Free | → | |
| 13 | W Wio — | GC GCC | Full bank CBUAE | Free | → | |
| 14 | A Airwallex — | AP Asia-Pacific | Partner-bank FCA | Free | → | |
| 15 | Z Zand — | GC GCC | Full bank CBUAE | Free | → | |
| 16 | B Banco Inter Best LatAm full bank | LA Latin America | Full bank BACEN | Free | → | |
| 17 | s stc Bank — | GC GCC | Full bank SAMA | Free | → | |
| 18 | W WeBank — | AP Asia-Pacific | Full bank CBI | Free | → | |
| 19 | A ALAT by Wema — | AF Africa | Full bank CBN | Free | → | |
| 20 | N Nequi — | LA Latin America | Full bank Full Colombian banking licence via Bancolombia parent | Free | → | |
| 21 | B Banco PAN — | LA Latin America | Full bank BACEN | Free | → | |
| 22 | B Bank Jago — | AP Asia-Pacific | Full bank Full Indonesian banking licence | Free | → | |
| 23 | C Chime Best US neobank | US United States | Partner-bank FDIC | Free | → | |
| 24 | M Meem — | GC GCC | Full bank SAMA | Free | → | |
| 25 | R Rho — | US United States | Partner-bank FDIC | Free | → | |
| 26 | L Lili — | US United States | Partner-bank FDIC | Free | → | |
| 27 | N Nubank Best LatAm overall | LA Latin America | Full bank BACEN | Free | → | |
| 28 | N Novo — | US United States | Partner-bank FDIC | Free | → | |
| 29 | G Grasshopper — | US United States | Partner-bank OCC | Free | → | |
| 30 | C C6 Bank Best LatAm investing | LA Latin America | Full bank BACEN | Free | → | |
| 31 | R Relay — | US United States | Partner-bank FDIC | Free | → | |
| 32 | C Cash App Best US wallet | US United States | Partner-bank FDIC | Free | → | |
| 33 | M Mercury Best US business | US United States | Partner-bank FDIC | Free | → | |
| 34 | R Rakuten Bank — | AP Asia-Pacific | Full bank JFSA | Free | → | |
| 35 | B Brex — | US United States | Partner-bank FDIC | Free | → | |
| 36 | B Bluevine — | US United States | Partner-bank FDIC | Free | → | |
| 37 | T Tide — | EU Europe | Partner-bank FCA | Free | → | |
| 38 | A Aspire — | AP Asia-Pacific | Partner-bank MAS | Free | → | |
| 39 | M Mercado Pago Empresas — | LA Latin America | Partner-bank BACEN | Free | → | |
| 40 | F Found — | US United States | Partner-bank FDIC | Free | → | |
| 41 | Y YAP — | GC GCC | Partner-bank CBUAE | Free | → | |
| 42 | S Sony Bank — | AP Asia-Pacific | Full bank JFSA | Free | → | |
| 43 | W Wise Best for transfers | EU Europe | E-money inst. FCA | €0/mo | → | |
| 44 | A AngelList Stack — | US United States | Partner-bank FDIC | $0/mo | → | |
| 45 | F Finom — | EU Europe | E-money inst. DNB | Free | → | |
| 46 | M Mukuru — | AF Africa | E-money inst. FCA | Free | → | |
| 47 | V Vivid Money Hybrid crypto + banking | EU Europe | E-money inst. Electronic money institution authorisation in Luxembourg; MiFID II investment firm licence in Netherlands; MiCAR authorisation for crypto-asset services | Free | → | |
| 48 | C Chipper Cash — | AF Africa | E-money inst. FCA | Free | → | |
| 49 | P Penta — | EU Europe | Partner-bank BaFin | €9/mo | → | |
| 50 | K Kuda Best Africa daily | AF Africa | E-money inst. FCA | Free | → | |
| 51 | D Discover Bank — | US United States | Payment inst. OCC | Free | → | |
| 52 | N Now Money — | GC GCC | E-money inst. CBUAE | Free | → | |
| 53 | L Liv. Best GCC daily | GC GCC | E-money inst. CBUAE | Free | → | |
| 54 | O Opay Best Africa wallet | AF Africa | E-money inst. CBN | Free | → | |
| 55 | A Ally Bank — | US United States | Payment inst. OCC | Free | → | |
| 56 | M Marcus by Goldman Sachs — | US United States | Payment inst. OCC | Free | → | |
| 57 | A Anna — | EU Europe | E-money inst. FCA | £11/mo | → | |
| 58 | R Ramp — | US United States | Payment inst. FDIC | Free | → | |
| 59 | M Memo Bank — | EU Europe | E-money inst. ACPR | €449/mo | → | |
| 60 | U Up Bank Best APAC daily | AP Asia-Pacific | Payment inst. PRA | Free | → | |
| 61 | H Holvi — | EU Europe | E-money inst. Holvi Payment Services Oy is authorised and regulated by the Finnish Financial Supervisory Authority | €9/mo | → | |
| 62 | T Tonik Best APAC savings | AP Asia-Pacific | Payment inst. BSP | Free | → | |
| 63 | N Nubank PJ — | LA Latin America | Payment inst. FDIC | Free | → | |
| 64 | R Revolut Singapore Best APAC travel | AP Asia-Pacific | Payment inst. MAS | Free | → | |
| 65 | G GoTyme Best APAC underbank | AP Asia-Pacific | Payment inst. BSP | Free | → | |
| 66 | M Mashreq Neo Best GCC full bank | GC GCC | Payment inst. CBUAE | Free | → | |
| 67 | T Trust Bank — | AP Asia-Pacific | Payment inst. MAS | Free | → | |
| 68 | N Nomo — | EU Europe | Payment inst. FCA | Free | → | |
| 69 | M M-Shwari — | AF Africa | Payment inst. KDIC | Free | → | |
| 70 | Q Qonto Best for freelancers | EU Europe | Payment inst. Payment institution license | €9/mo | → | |
| 71 | C Cora — | LA Latin America | Payment inst. BACEN | Free | → | |
| 72 | M Mercado Pago Best LatAm wallet | LA Latin America | Payment inst. BACEN | Free | → | |
| 73 | T TymeBank Best Africa savings | AF Africa | Payment inst. SARB | Free | → | |
| 74 | i ila Bank — | GC GCC | Payment inst. ila Bank is the digital retail brand of Bank of Bahrain and Kuwait | Free | → | |
| 75 | B Bank Zero — | AF Africa | Payment inst. SARB | Free | → | |
| 76 | K Klar — | LA Latin America | Payment inst. CNBV | Free | → | |
| 77 | S Stori — | LA Latin America | Payment inst. CNBV | Free | → | |
| 78 | R RappiPay — | LA Latin America | Payment inst. PSP under Superintendencia Financiera de Colombia; bank-product layer is Davivienda | Free | → | |
| 79 | M Maya Bank — | AP Asia-Pacific | Payment inst. BSP | Free | → | |
| 80 | C Carbon — | AF Africa | Payment inst. CBN | Free | → | |
| 81 | U Ualá Best LatAm freelancer | LA Latin America | Payment inst. BCRA | Free | → | |
| 82 | D Discovery Bank — | AF Africa | Payment inst. SARB | R95/mo | → | |
| 83 | C Conta Azul — | LA Latin America | Payment inst. BACEN | R$89/mo | → | |
| 84 | T Tiger BBP — | AP Asia-Pacific | Payment inst. MAS | S$60/mo | → | |
| 85 | B BHub — | LA Latin America | Payment inst. BACEN | R$350/mo | → | |
| 86 | S Statrys — | AP Asia-Pacific | Payment inst. Statrys Limited holds a Hong Kong Monetary Authority | HKD 88/mo | → |
The five regulations shaping European neobanks right now — what they are, when they take effect, and where to read the source. Other jurisdictions (US, LATAM, APAC, GCC, AFRICA) have their own regulators and timelines — see the US hub or pick a region from the world map above.
EU directive governing payment services and PSPs; introduced Strong Customer Authentication (SCA), open banking APIs, and consumer protections. Being superseded by PSD3/PSR.
Successor framework to PSD2. EU Parliament and Council reached provisional political agreement 27 November 2025. Extends Verification of Payee (VoP) to all credit transfers; mandates fraud-data sharing between PSPs.
ICT risk-management and incident-reporting framework for EU financial entities. In force since 17 January 2025.
Single AML rulebook + EU AML Authority (AMLA, HQ Frankfurt, operational 2025). 6th AML Directive transposed 2025–2027; AMLR directly applicable from July 2027.
EU framework for crypto-asset issuers + CASPs. Transitional period through end-2025; full effect from Jan 2026. Required for any neobank offering crypto trading (Revolut, Vivid Money, Lunar, Bitpanda).
When the ranking changes, you find out before the affiliate sites do. Every release is dated, every change is logged.
Most readers don't need the full ranking — they need a single decision. Pick the lane that fits.
Revolut, Wise Multi-Currency, bunq Pro. FX allowances compared, lounge access tiers tested at four EU airports, and the Lithuanian-IBAN question answered (it's fine).
Read guide → For saversTrade Republic, Revolut Ultra, Lightyear. Savings-rate tracker, updated quarterly.
Read guide → For freelancersQonto, Wise Business, N26 Business. Multi-currency invoicing, accounting integrations.
Read guide → For crypto280 coins at Revolut, 50 at Trade Republic. What a CASP licence grants — and what it doesn't.
Read guide → For protectionWhat "deposit protection" actually means at e-money vs full bank vs partner-bank — with worked examples.
Read guide →86 banks span six regions. Each list is curated locally, with regulator-specific protection notes.
A handful of the 86 banks we track pay us a referral fee. The scorecard is identical whether they pay or not. The full ledger — who pays what, dated — is below.
| Bank | Relationship | Per signup | Rank moved |
|---|---|---|---|
| Revolut | Affiliate | €7.50 | No |
| Wise | Affiliate | €10.00 | No |
| N26 | Affiliate | €12.00 | No |
| Trade Republic | Funded-account fee | €20.00 | No |
| Qonto | SME affiliate | €30.00 | No |
| Mercury | None | No relationship | — |
| Lunar | None | No relationship | — |